Studying Abroad - Getting Started

Candidates who wish to do study abroad programs can opt for exchange programs in countries like the US, UK, Canada, France, Australia, Germany, etc. which are the most popular destinations now. They will also be able to enroll in colleges and universities of their choice based on their chosen field of study. The countries that are sending the largest number of candidates for study abroad programs are China, India, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea.

Moving to a foreign country for higher education is one of those life-changing events a student can plan. However, moving to another country for a college education can also be challenging due to the lack of seats and the higher competition candidates will have to face.

Top Destinations to Study Abroad

In 2023, the number of international students studying at the tertiary level worldwide remained stable at 6.4 million. Leading host countries for these students are the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, France, Germany, and Russia, among others.

United States

• As of 2023, approximately 1,057,000 international students are pursuing their studies in the United States.
• The largest groups of international students in the United States come from India, China, South Korea, Canada, and Vietnam.
• Top Universities in the US are Princeton University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Stanford University, Yale University, California Institute of Technology, Duke University, Johns Hopkins University, Northwestern University and University of Pennsylvania.
• F-1 visa holders are permitted to participate in three categories of off-campus employment only after completing their first academic year: Curricular Practical Training (CPT), Optional Practical Training (OPT), and the STEM Optional Practical Training Extension (OPT). It is essential that any off-campus training position for F-1 visa holders is directly related to their area of study and receives prior approval from the Designated School Official before the student commences work.
• There are numerous notable scholarships in the United States specifically designed for international students. Some of these scholarships are the Fulbright Program, AAUW International Fellowship Program, The Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program, The Gates Scholarship, The United World Colleges (UWC) Scholarships, etc.

Canada

• As of 2023, the country hosts approximately 660,000 international students, with the largest groups originating from India, China, South Korea, the Philippines, and France.
• Top Universities in Canada are the University of Toronto, University of British Columbia, University of Ottawa, McGill University, University of Alberta, Queen's University, McMaster University, Western University, Simon Fraser University, and Universite du Quebec.
• International students in Canada are limited to working a maximum of 24 hours per week. Certain individuals may not qualify for employment during their studies, particularly those enrolled in language courses or pursuing prerequisite or general interest programs.
• Various scholarships are available in Canada that can help alleviate the financial burden of tuition and living expenses, namely, Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarships, Canadian Commonwealth Scholarship Program, University of Toronto International Scholar Awards, UBC International Leader of Tomorrow Award, Lester B. Pearson International Scholarship, etc.

United Kingdom

• As of 2023, the United Kingdom had approximately 718,000 international students, with the largest numbers coming from India, China, Pakistan, the United States, and Nigeria.
• Top universities in the UK are the University of Cambridge, University of Oxford, Imperial College London, University of St. Andrews, Loughborough University, Durham University, Lancaster University, University of Bath, University College London and University of Warwick.
• International students may work part-time or during holidays. However, they are restricted to a maximum of 20 hours per week during the academic year unless the work is directly related to their field of study, has received approval from their educational institution, and leads to a qualification or degree from a recognized national examination authority.
• To support students, numerous scholarships are available that can significantly reduce the financial burden of studying abroad, which include Chevening Scholarships, Commonwealth Scholarships, Rhodes Scholarships, Gates Cambridge Scholarships, and British Council Scholarships, etc.

Australia

• In 2023, reports indicated that approximately 438,000 international students were enrolled in educational institutions across Australia. The largest groups of these students hailed from India, China, Nepal, Vietnam, and Pakistan.
• Top Universities in Australia are University of Melbourne, University of Sydney, University of New South Wales, Australian National University, Monash University, University of Queensland, University of Western Australia, University of Adelaide, University of Technology, Sydney and RMIT University.
• The Subclass 500 visa permits students to work for 48 hours every two weeks once their course begins, and they can work unlimited hours during vacation periods. Students with a Working Holiday Visa can work for up to six months in a single job without additional hourly limitations.
• To support these students, various significant scholarships are available, which can help alleviate the financial burden of tuition fees and living expenses. These scholarships include the International Research Training Program Scholarship, Griffith Remarkable Scholarship, CPA Australia Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Scholarships, The New Colombo Plan Scholarship Program, Research Training Program, Australia for ASEAN scholarships, and Australia Awards Scholarships.

New Zealand

• In 2023, reports indicated that around 37,000 international students were studying at educational institutions in New Zealand. The largest groups of these students came from China, India, the United States, Sri Lanka, and the Philippines.
• Top Universities in New Zealand are The University of Auckland, University of Otago, University of Waikato, Massey University, Victoria University of Wellington, University of Canterbury, Lincoln University, and Auckland University of Technology.
• International students in New Zealand can work up to 20 hours per week during the academic semester and may work full-time during designated holiday periods.
• New Zealand is known for its high-quality education system and welcoming environment for international students. As a result, numerous scholarship opportunities are available to help alleviate the financial burden of studying abroad. Some significant scholarships are New Zealand Scholarships, University of Auckland International Student Scholarships, Victoria University of Wellington International Excellence Scholarship, University of Otago International Research Master's Scholarship, Commonwealth Scholarships, Auckland University of Technology (AUT) International Scholarships and New Zealand Aid Programme Scholarships.

Germany

• In 2023, approximately 368,000 international students were enrolled in higher education institutions in Germany. Most of these students originated from India, China, Syria, Austria, and Turkey.
• Top Universities in Germany are LMU Munich/University of Munich, Technical University of Munich, Heidelberg University, University of Tubingen, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Freiburg, University of Bonn, RWTH Aachen University and University of Hamburg.
• International students from EU member states, including Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland, are permitted to work a maximum of 20 hours per week during the academic year. In contrast, international students from other countries can work no more than 120 full days or 240 half days annually.
• Numerous scholarship opportunities are available for international students who wish to study in Germany. These are DAAD Scholarships, Erasmus+ Program, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Scholarships, Heinrich Böll Foundation Scholarships, Friedrich Ebert Foundation Scholarships and Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Scholarships.

France

• France hosts approximately 412,000 international students in 2023, with the largest groups coming from Morocco, Algeria, Italy, China, and Tunisia.
• Top Universities in France are College de France, Universite d’Orleans, Nantes University, Ecole Polytechnique, Ecole Centrale Paris, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, American University of Paris, Strasbourg University, Ecole Normale Superieure and University of Rennes 1.
• An international student holding a residence permit can work part-time, with a maximum limit of 964 hours annually. They are entitled to earn at least a minimum wage of €10.25 per hour.
• Some significant scholarship options for international students in France are the Eiffel Excellence Scholarship Program, Charpak Scholarship, INSEAD Scholarships, Erasmus+ Program, French Government Scholarships, etc.

Italy

• In 2023, Italy hosted approximately 110,000 international students, with the largest groups coming from Iran, China, Turkey, India, and Russia.
• Top Universities in Italy are International School for Advanced Studies, Libero Istituto Universitario Carlo Cattaneo, Perugia University, Politecnico de Milano, Politecnico di Milano, Politecnico di Torino, Scuola Normale Superiore, Scuola Superiore di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento Sant'Anna, Universit degli studi di Brescia and Universita degli Studi di Bologna.
• International students intending to work while pursuing their studies in Italy can engage in part-time employment for up to 20 hours per week. This allows for a maximum of 1,040 hours of work annually. Additionally, students can transition their residence permit to a work permit via the decreto flussi system.
• Several scholarships readily accessible to candidates in Italy include the University of Bologna Study Grants for International Students, Politecnico International Scholarships, Merit-Based Scholarships at Politecnico Milano 1863, Italian Government Scholarships for Foreign Students, and Bocconi Merit and International Awards.

The Netherlands

• In 2023, it was reported that the Netherlands welcomed approximately 131,000 international students, with the largest groups coming from Germany, Italy, Romania, China, and Spain.
• Top universities in the Netherlands are Delft University of Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Erasmus University of Rotterdam, Hogeschool Eindhoven, Hogeschool van Amsterdam, Hogeschool van Utrecht, IJselland Polytechnic, Leiden University, Nijenrode University and Noordelijike Hogeschool Leeuwarden.
• Non-EU/EEA students are permitted to work a maximum of 16 hours per week during the academic year. However, they can work full-time during the summer months of June, July, and August. In contrast, students from the EU/EEA or Switzerland are not required to obtain any work permits and do not have restrictions on their working hours.
• Various scholarship opportunities are available, making it more accessible for them to pursue their studies in the country. Some notable scholarships in the country are the Erasmus Mundus Scholarships, Holland Scholarship, Orange Tulip Scholarship Programme, University-specific Scholarships, Study in Holland Scholarship, and Nuffic Scholarships.

Ireland

• Top universities in Ireland are Trinity College, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University College Dublin, The National University of Ireland, Galway, University College Cork, Maynooth University, Dublin City University, Dublin City University, and Technological University Dublin.
• Students hailing from the European Union (EU) or the European Economic Area (EEA) have the opportunity to work in Ireland while enrolled in their academic programs without facing any limitations. They can engage in both full-time and part-time employment. In contrast, students from outside the EU/EEA can work part-time, with a maximum of 20 hours per week during academic terms and up to 40 hours per week during holiday periods.
• Ireland is known for its high-quality education and welcoming environment for international students. Several prominent scholarship opportunities are available for international students studying in Ireland. Some scholarships are Government of Ireland Scholarships, Irish Universities Association (IUA) Scholarships, University-Specific Scholarships, the Erasmus+ Program, the Fulbright Program, Postgraduate Scholarships, and Sports Scholarships.

Singapore

• Top universities in Singapore are the National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technology University, Singapore Management University, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Ngee Ann, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore University of Social Sciences, Republic Polytechnic, and SIM University.
• International students can work up to 16 hours each week and may work full-time during holiday periods.
• Singapore is increasingly becoming popular for international students seeking high-quality education. The country offers a range of significant scholarship opportunities to attract talented individuals worldwide. These scholarships include the Nanyang Undergraduate Scholarship, SUTD Global Merit Scholarship, NUS Research Scholarship, ADB-Japan Scholarship Program, and Singapore International Graduate Award.

Hong Kong

• Top universities in Hong Kong are the Chinese University of Hong Kong, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Education University of Hong Kong, and Lingnan University.
• Non-local students, excluding exchange students, enrolled full-time in accredited undergraduate or graduate programs for at least one academic year are permitted to work up to 20 hours per week on campus during their stay limit. Additionally, they may accept employment during the summer months, from June 1 to August 31, without any restrictions on the number of hours worked or the location of their employment.
• Some significant scholarship opportunities available in Hong Kong for international students are the Hong Kong PhD Fellowship Scheme, University-Specific Scholarships, the Hong Kong Scholarship for Excellence Scheme, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Scholarships, and The Belt and Road Scholarship.

Cost of Living Abroad

The cost of living varies significantly across different countries, influenced by many factors such as economic conditions, local wages, housing markets, and overall demand for goods and services. In nations like the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand, the cost of living is notably elevated. This can be attributed to high housing prices, increased demand for consumer goods, and generally higher wages that drive up the prices of everyday necessities. For instance, in major cities within these countries, rent and property prices can be exorbitant, making it challenging for residents to afford suitable housing. Additionally, the cost of healthcare, education, and transportation in these nations can further contribute to the overall high cost of living.

In contrast, several European countries, such as Germany, Sweden, Ireland and the Netherlands, tend to offer a more affordable cost of living. These nations often benefit from strong social welfare systems, which can help mitigate expenses related to healthcare and education. Moreover, the housing market in these countries may be more stable, with less volatility than in the aforementioned nations. For example, cities like Berlin and Amsterdam, while experiencing rising costs, still offer relatively affordable living options compared to cities like New York or Sydney. However, it is essential to consider that while the cost of living may be lower, average wages in these countries can also be significantly less, impacting overall purchasing power.

In Asia, nations such as Singapore, Hong Kong, and Japan exhibit a complex relationship with the cost of living. While these cities are known for their high living expenses, particularly in terms of housing and consumer goods, they also offer high average incomes that can offset these costs for many residents. For instance, Singapore and Hong Kong are often ranked among the most expensive cities globally. Yet, they also provide robust job markets and high salaries, making the elevated costs more manageable for their inhabitants.

Overall, the cost of living is a multifaceted issue that varies widely across different regions and is influenced by local economic conditions, cultural factors, and government policies. Understanding these differences is crucial for individuals considering relocation or travel, as it can significantly impact their financial planning and lifestyle choices.

Factors to take into account when deciding to pursue studies abroad

When deciding to pursue studies overseas, several factors should be considered to ensure that the experience aligns with personal, academic, and professional goals. Here are some key factors to consider:

• Academic Reputation and Quality of Education
  • Institution Ranking: Research the global rankings of universities and programs to gauge their academic reputation.
  • Program Accreditation: Candidates must ensure the program is accredited and recognized in their field of study.
  • Curriculum and Faculty: Candidates should investigate the curriculum, faculty qualifications, and research opportunities in their chosen field.
• Financial Considerations
  • Tuition Fees: Compare the cost of tuition across different countries and institutions.
  • Cost of Living: Assess the living expenses in the host country, including housing, food, transportation, and healthcare.
  • Scholarships and Financial Aid: Explore available scholarships, grants, and financial aid options for international students.
• Language and Cultural Barriers
  • Language Proficiency: Consider the proficiency in the language of instruction and whether one needs to take language courses.
  • Cultural Adaptation: Candidates must reflect on their ability to adapt to a new culture, including social norms, customs, and lifestyle differences.
• Career Opportunities
  • Job Market: Research the job market in the host country and the demand for one's chosen field of study.
  • Internships and Work Opportunities: Candidates must look for programs that offer internships or work placements, which can enhance their employability.
  • Post-Graduation Work Visa: Understand the regulations regarding work visas for international students after graduation.
• Personal Development
  • Independence and Life Skills: Consider how studying abroad can foster personal growth, independence, and life skills.
  • Networking Opportunities: Evaluate the potential to build a global network of contacts in one's field.
• Safety and Health
  • Safety of the Host Country: Research the safety and political stability of the country where one plans to study.
  • Healthcare Services: Understand the healthcare system and insurance requirements for international students.
• Support Services
  • International Student Support: Check if the institution offers support services for international students, such as orientation programs, counseling, and academic assistance.
  • Community and Social Integration: Find opportunities to connect with other international students and local communities.
• Duration and Flexibility of the Program
  • Program Length: Candidates must also evaluate the duration of the program and whether it aligns with their personal and professional timelines.
  • Flexibility of Course Options: Candidates must look for programs that offer flexibility in course selection, allowing them to tailor their studies to their interests and career goals.
• Return on Investment
  • Long-term Benefits: Consider the potential long-term benefits of studying abroad, including enhanced career prospects, higher earning potential, and personal growth.
  • Alumni Success Stories: Research the success stories of alumni from the program to gauge the potential return on investment regarding career advancement and opportunities.

The Impact of Studying Abroad on Career Opportunities

Studying abroad has become an increasingly popular choice for students seeking to enhance their educational experience and broaden their career prospects. The impact of this experience on career opportunities can be profound and multifaceted. Below are several key areas where studying abroad can influence a student's career trajectory:

1. Global Perspective and Cultural Competence- Studying in a foreign country exposes students to diverse cultures, languages, and worldviews. This experience fosters cultural competence, which is highly valued in today’s globalized job market. Employers often seek candidates who can navigate multicultural environments and understand different perspectives. A global mindset can enhance a candidate's ability to work effectively in international teams and engage with clients from various backgrounds.
2. Language Skills- Immersion in a foreign language environment can significantly improve language proficiency. Being bilingual or multilingual is a considerable asset in many fields, including business, diplomacy, healthcare, and education. Language skills can open doors to job opportunities that require communication with international clients or partners, making candidates more competitive in the job market.
3. Networking Opportunities- Studying abroad allows students to build a global network of contacts, including fellow students, professors, and industry professionals. These connections can lead to internships, job offers, and collaborations in the future. Networking internationally can also provide insights into different industries and job markets, helping students identify unique career paths.
4. Enhanced Employability- Employers often view study abroad experiences as indicators of adaptability, independence, and initiative. Students who have studied abroad may stand out in the job application process as they have demonstrated the ability to thrive in unfamiliar environments. This experience can also enhance a resume, showcasing personal and professional growth commitment.
5. Skill Development- Studying abroad can help students develop a range of transferable skills that are highly sought after by employers. These include problem-solving, critical thinking, communication, and adaptability. Navigating the challenges of living and studying in a new country can foster resilience and resourcefulness, valuable traits in any career.
6. Internship and Work Experience- Many study abroad programs offer opportunities for internships or work placements, allowing students to gain practical experience in their field of study. This hands-on experience can be crucial for building a professional portfolio and gaining insights into industry practices. Additionally, international work experience can be a significant advantage when applying for jobs, demonstrating a proactive approach to career development.
7. Understanding of Global Markets- For students pursuing careers in business, finance, or international relations, studying abroad provides invaluable insights into global markets and economic systems. Exposure to different business practices, consumer behaviors, and regulatory environments can equip students with a broader understanding of operating in a global economy. This knowledge can be particularly beneficial for those looking to work for multinational corporations or engage in international trade.
8. Broader Career Options- Studying abroad can provide students with exposure to different industries and career paths that they may not have considered before. This exploration can lead to greater clarity about their career goals.